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LogoNWS Sites and Documents for Storm Spotters


Disaster Planning and Training Resources

Being an emergency amateur communicator is great -- but we should all have basic emergency and disaster preparedness and response training, too! The following links will speed you on your way to lots of free study materials and info on the various disaster, emergency, and terrorism preparedness, training, and relief agencies and organizations.


LogoThe American Red Cross

  • Main Page - follow the preparedness links therein.

LogoFederal Emergency Management Agency

Become a local Emergency Manager!

Download the CERT Training Manuals!


LogoCitizen Corps

The new umbrella organization that coordinates the efforts of many local and state volunteer emergency management, training, preparedness, and response agencies and organizations.


LogoUS Department of Homeland Security


LogoUS Department of Justice

The DOJ site is a great place for terrorism news releases!


LogoTexas Division of Emergency Management

From the Texas DPS.


LogoEast Texas Council of Governments


Miscellaneous


Skywarn Severe Weather Spotter Training

Event Description
Tornado: What...Tornado:
Is it rotating ? If not, it's a rain shaft.
Is it in contact with the ground ?
If Not, it's a Funnel Cloud.
Is there on going damaging?
When....Now ? Past ? Beginning?
Where... Location ?
Funnel Cloud: What.....Funnel Cloud: Is it rotating?
Is it in contact with the ground? If so, it's a Tornado.
When....Now? Past? Just Beginning?
Where... Location?
Wall Cloud: When.....Now? Just Beginning?
How long observed?
Is it rotating?
Where... Location?
Severe Winds: What......Damage...
What type and kind of severe wind damage ?
Use the Beaufort Wind Speed Chart
When.....Now ? Past ? Just Beginning ?
Where.... Location ?
General Examples of Severe Wind Damage:
Power lines blown down
Windows broken by wind
Permanent signs blown down
Radio tower/large antenna blown down
Mobile home damaged
Large roof area damaged
Structure damage to buildings by winds
More than one large tree blown over
Hail: Do not use "Marble" size
When.....Now - on going event ?
Where.... Location ?
What Size...How Large...
Pea..............1/4 inch.
Dime............3/4 inch.
Nickel...........7/8 inch.
Golf ball.......1 inch
Quarter........ 1 inch.
Baseball.......2 1/4 inch.
Softball.........3 to 4 inch
And if in Western and Northern Texas...cantaloupe...basketball
Flash Flooding: What..... How Deep ? How Extensive?
Are the animals walking two by two??
Is there a immediate threat to persons or property?
When....On Going? Just Beginning?
Where... Location?
Rain: When............Now ? Just Beginning?
Is it so heavy, you can't drive?
Where........... Location?
How Much.....At a rate of 2 inches per hour?

Estimating Hail Size(NWS)

Hail Diameter Description
1/4" Pea Size
1/2" Marble Size (say "half-inch")
3/4" (Severe Criteria) Dime Size
7/8" Nickel Size
1" Quarter Size
1 1/4" Half Dollar Size
1 1/2" Walnut or Ping Pong Ball Size
1 3/4" Golf Ball Size
2" Hen Egg Size
2 1/2" Tennis Ball Size
2 3/4" Baseball Size
3" Teacup Size
4" Grapefruit Size
4 1/2" Softball Size

Estimating Wind Speeds

Wind Speed Effects
25-31 Large branches in motion; whistling heard in telephone wires
32-38 Whole trees in motion; inconvenience felt walking against the wind
39-54 Twigs break off trees; wind generally impedes progress
55-72 Damage to chimneys and TV antennas; pushes over shallow rooted trees
73-112 Peels surfaces off roofs; windows broken; light mobile homes pushed or overturned; moving cars pushed off road
113-157 Roofs torn off houses; cars lifted off ground
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